The principle and control method of thermostats

Jul 25, 2025

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There are two types control way: one type is controlled by the temperature change of the cooled object, and the vapor pressure type temperature controller is mostly used. The other type is controlled by the temperature difference change of the cooled object, and the electronic type temperature controller is mostly used.

 

Thermostats are classified as:

Mechanical types include: vapor pressure type thermostat, liquid expansion thermostat, gas adsorption type thermostat, and metal expansion type thermostat.

 

Among them, steam pressure type thermostats are further classified into: gas-filled type, liquid-gas mixed type and liquid-filled type. This type of thermostat is mainly used in mechanical household air conditioners.

Electronic types are divided into resistance type temperature controllers and thermocouple type temperature controllers.

 

The movement of the bellows acts on the spring, and the elastic force of the spring is controlled by the knob on the control board. The capillary tube is placed at the air intake outlet of the indoor air conditioner and reacts to the temperature of the indoor circulating return air. When the room temperature rises to the set temperature, the temperature-sensing gas in the capillary tube and the bellows expands, causing the bellows to stretch and overcome the elastic force of the spring to connect the switch contact. At this point, the compressor operates and the system cools. When the room temperature drops to the set temperature again, the gas in the temperature-sensing bulb contracts, and the bellows contracts along with the spring, placing the switch in the off position. Cut off the motor circuit of the compressor. Repeat this action to achieve the purpose of controlling the room temperature.

 

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